TASK 1 (LINE GRAPH): BREAD SPREADS
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Sample Answer
The provided line graph illustrates the consumption patterns of three distinct spreads—Margarine, Low fat & reduced spreads, and Butter—over a span of 26 years, from 1981 to 2007.
What is immediately striking upon examining the graph is the eventual dominance of low-fat and reduced-fat alternatives, which, despite being initially the least favoured, gained substantial popularity over time. This trend stands in sharp contrast to Butter, which began as the most widely consumed but experienced a steady decline, ultimately settling as the second most popular choice. Margarine, meanwhile, followed a relatively stable trajectory before falling out of favour in the final years.
Focusing first on the declining categories, Butter commanded the lion’s share of consumption in 1981, standing out conspicuously at over 140 grams, and significantly outpacing Margarine by more than 40 grams. However, by 1986, Butter rose modestly to nearly 160 grams before plummeting sharply to 100 grams in 1991. Margarine, in contrast, dipped slightly to 80 grams before rebounding to match Butter’s level in 1991. From that point onwards, both spreads exhibited parallel downward trends, with Margarine consistently maintaining a lead of 20–25 grams. By 2007, Margarine had bottomed out at 40 grams, making it the least consumed spread, while Butter retained a moderate presence, securing second place.
Turning to the emergent category, Low fat & reduced spreads entered the market in 1996 at a modest starting point of 10 grams. Their consumption then surged dramatically, overtaking Butter around the year 2000 and converging with Margarine at just over 80 grams in 2001. Although there was a slight dip thereafter, the category ended the period at 75 grams, thereby establishing itself as the most prevalent spread despite its late introduction.
Vocabulary
- illustrates the consumption patterns → minh họa các xu hướng tiêu dùng
- over a span of 26 years → trong khoảng thời gian 26 năm
- immediately striking → nổi bật ngay lập tức
- eventual dominance → sự thống trị cuối cùng
- low-fat and reduced-fat alternatives → các lựa chọn ít béo và giảm béo
- initially the least favoured → ban đầu ít được ưa chuộng nhất
- gained substantial popularity → đạt được sự phổ biến đáng kể
- sharp contrast → sự tương phản rõ rệt
- most widely consumed → được tiêu thụ rộng rãi nhất
- experienced a steady decline → trải qua sự suy giảm đều đặn
- relatively stable trajectory → xu hướng tương đối ổn định
- falling out of favour → mất đi sự ưa chuộng
- declining categories → các loại đang suy giảm
- commanded the lion’s share → chiếm phần lớn nhất
- peaking at over 140 grams → đạt đỉnh trên 140 gram
- significantly outpacing → vượt xa một cách đáng kể
- rose modestly → tăng nhẹ
- plummeting sharply → giảm mạnh
- dipped slightly → giảm nhẹ
- rebounding → phục hồi trở lại
- exhibited parallel downward trends → thể hiện xu hướng giảm song song
- consistently maintaining a lead → luôn duy trì vị trí dẫn đầu
- bottomed out → chạm đáy
- retained a moderate presence → giữ mức hiện diện vừa phải
- emergent category → loại mới xuất hiện
- entered the market → gia nhập thị trường
- modest starting point → điểm khởi đầu khiêm tốn
- surged dramatically → tăng vọt mạnh mẽ
- overtaking Butter → vượt qua Bơ
- converging with Margarine → hội tụ với Margarine
- slight dip → giảm nhẹ
- ended the period → kết thúc giai đoạn
- establishing itself as the most prevalent spread → khẳng định là loại phổ biến nhất
