TASK 2 (TWO PARTS): WATER POLLUTION
Water pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues in many parts of the world.
Why is water pollution a growing concern for both individuals and governments?
What measures can be taken to reduce the problem effectively?
Sample Answer
Water contamination, though not inherently a cataclysmic event, has become an alarmingly concerning ecological issue that the world has been grappling with in recent decades. This worrying phenomenon exerts adverse effects on individual well-being, exacerbates public health crises, and strains national budgets — issues that can only be tackled through concerted efforts among all stakeholders.
Water pollution causes the deterioration of personal well-being. As far as the water flow mechanism is concerned, microscopic pollutant particles accumulated from emissions enter the water cycle by being transferred through the water table into aquifers, streams, and rivers, thereby polluting these water bodies. This, in the aggregate, can lead to large-scale contamination and water cycle disruption, exacerbating existing famine, drought, and the scarcity of irrigable land. In addition, water quality degradation can engender the outbreak of water-borne diseases, the most prominent of which is diarrhoea. This can undermine individual health, hamper economic productivity, and stifle growth.
This phenomenon is also particularly concerning for governments. Deteriorating public health places an enormous burden on the healthcare system, since reduced physical fitness necessitates state subsidies for both preventive measures and reactive strategies. Such reallocations of resources mean that less funding would be available for other equally critical areas of the economy, such as education, technological development, and infrastructure investment. Moreover, vast amounts of resources are required for water filtration and processing for such significantly large bodies of water. This is compounded by dwindling wildlife populations and potential species extinction as indirect outcomes of water contamination, leading to food chain disruption, habitat loss, and ecological imbalance. These would, in the long run, indirectly affect governments worldwide on social, economic, and political grounds.
An optimal solution to this issue requires a comprehensive approach. Individually, people should take the initiative to avoid contaminating nearby water bodies by refraining from and condemning irresponsible activities that disregard water conservation, such as littering, reckless discharging, and irresponsible damming. Individuals can also demonstrate public support for companies that incorporate environmental stewardship into their practices, particularly in the form of water conservation, while boycotting those that operate with unethical practices that disregard the far-reaching impacts of water contamination. From a business standpoint, companies should adopt sustainable practices and steer clear of prioritising profits at the expense of water preservation. Salient examples include establishing controlled landfills and designated water processing units to maximise recycling while minimising irresponsible discharging. Lastly, governments can enact policies to incentivise collaboration between individuals and businesses, with an emphasis on water protection through awareness-raising initiatives, while maintaining economic profitability.
In conclusion, water pollution is an alarming concern as it causes health deterioration, which in turn stifles productivity and places a strain on government coffers. Additionally, this phenomenon exacerbates natural issues, which have a further detrimental impact on governments. The most effective solution, therefore, lies in collaborative efforts among individuals, businesses, and governments.
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TỪ VỰNG HAY
Water pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues in many parts of the world.
Why is water pollution a growing concern for both individuals and governments?
What measures can be taken to reduce the problem effectively?
Water contamination, though not inherently a cataclysmic event, has become an alarmingly concerning ecological issue that the world has been grappling with in recent decades. This worrying phenomenon exerts adverse effects on individual well-being, exacerbates public health crises, and strains national budgets — issues that can only be tackled through concerted efforts among all stakeholders.
Water pollution causes the deterioration of personal well-being. As far as the water flow mechanism is concerned, microscopic pollutant particles accumulated from emissions enter the water cycle by being transferred through the water table into aquifers, streams, and rivers, thereby polluting these water bodies. This, in the aggregate, can lead to large-scale contamination and water cycle disruption, exacerbating existing famine, drought, and the scarcity of irrigable land. In addition, water quality degradation can engender the outbreak of water-borne diseases, the most prominent of which is diarrhoea. This can undermine individual health, hamper economic productivity, and stifle growth.
This phenomenon is also particularly concerning for governments. Deteriorating public health places an enormous burden on the healthcare system, since reduced physical fitness necessitates state subsidies for both preventive measures and reactive strategies. Such reallocations of resources mean that less funding would be available for other equally critical areas of the economy, such as education, technological development, and infrastructure investment. Moreover, vast amounts of resources are required for water filtration and processing for such significantly large bodies of water. This is compounded by dwindling wildlife populations and potential species extinction as indirect outcomes of water contamination, leading to food chain disruption, habitat loss, and ecological imbalance. These would, in the long run, indirectly affect governments worldwide on social, economic, and political grounds.
An optimal solution to this issue requires a comprehensive approach. Individually, people should take the initiative to avoid contaminating nearby water bodies by refraining from and condemning irresponsible activities that disregard water conservation, such as littering, reckless discharging, and irresponsible damming. Individuals can also demonstrate public support for companies that incorporate environmental stewardship into their practices, particularly in the form of water conservation, while boycotting those that operate with unethical practices that disregard the far-reaching impacts of water contamination. From a business standpoint, companies should adopt sustainable practices and steer clear of prioritising profits at the expense of water preservation. Salient examples include establishing controlled landfills and designated water processing units to maximise recycling while minimising irresponsible discharging. Lastly, governments can enact policies to incentivise collaboration between individuals and businesses, with an emphasis on water protection through awareness-raising initiatives, while maintaining economic profitability.
In conclusion, water pollution is an alarming concern as it causes health deterioration, which in turn stifles productivity and places a strain on government coffers. Additionally, this phenomenon exacerbates natural issues, which have a further detrimental impact on governments. The most effective solution, therefore, lies in collaborative efforts among individuals, businesses, and governments.
Vocabulary
- alarmingly concerning ecological issue – vấn đề sinh thái đáng báo động
- grappling with – vật lộn với / đối mặt với
- exerts adverse effects – gây ra tác động tiêu cực
- exacerbates public health crises – làm trầm trọng thêm khủng hoảng y tế công cộng
- strains national budgets – gây áp lực lên ngân sách quốc gia
- concerted efforts among all stakeholders – nỗ lực chung của mọi bên liên quan
- deterioration of personal well-being – sự suy giảm sức khỏe cá nhân
- water flow mechanism – cơ chế dòng chảy nước
- water table – tầng ngậm nước
- large-scale contamination – ô nhiễm trên diện rộng
- water cycle disruption – gián đoạn chu trình nước
- scarcity of irrigable land – khan hiếm đất có thể tưới tiêu
- water quality degradation – suy thoái chất lượng nước
- engender the outbreak of water-borne diseases – gây ra bùng phát bệnh lây qua nước
- hamper economic productivity – cản trở năng suất kinh tế
- stifle growth – kìm hãm tăng trưởng
- enormous burden on the healthcare system – gánh nặng lớn lên hệ thống y tế
- preventive measures and reactive strategies – biện pháp phòng ngừa và chiến lược ứng phó
- reallocations of resources – phân bổ lại nguồn lực
- dwindling wildlife populations – suy giảm quần thể động vật hoang dã
- potential species extinction – nguy cơ tuyệt chủng loài
- food chain disruption – gián đoạn chuỗi thức ăn
- ecological imbalance – mất cân bằng sinh thái
- take the initiative – chủ động hành động
- adopt sustainable practices – áp dụng các thực hành bền vững
✔ DÀN Ý
Mở bài:
Ô nhiễm nước → vấn đề sinh thái nghiêm trọng toàn cầu → gây hại sức khỏe, khủng hoảng y tế & ngân sách quốc gia → cần hợp tác của mọi bên để giải quyết.
Thân bài 1 – Ảnh hưởng đến cá nhân & sức khỏe:
Khí thải → hạt vi ô nhiễm → đi vào chu trình nước → ô nhiễm sông, hồ, mạch nước ngầm → thiếu nước tưới, hạn hán, nạn đói
↓
Chất lượng nước giảm → bệnh lây qua nước (tiêu chảy, v.v.) → sức khỏe suy yếu → năng suất lao động giảm → tăng trưởng kinh tế bị kìm hãm
Thân bài 2 – Ảnh hưởng đến chính phủ & môi trường:
Sức khỏe cộng đồng ↓ → gánh nặng cho hệ thống y tế → cần chi tiêu & trợ cấp lớn
↓
Nguồn lực bị phân bổ lại → giáo dục, công nghệ, hạ tầng bị ảnh hưởng
↓
Chi phí lớn cho lọc & xử lý nước
↓
Động vật hoang dã suy giảm → nguy cơ tuyệt chủng → rối loạn chuỗi thức ăn → mất cân bằng sinh thái
↓
Tác động lâu dài về kinh tế – xã hội – chính trị
Thân bài 3 – Giải pháp:
* Cá nhân: tránh xả rác, xả thải bừa bãi → ủng hộ doanh nghiệp thân thiện môi trường, tẩy chay doanh nghiệp gây ô nhiễm
↓
* Doanh nghiệp: thực hành bền vững, tái chế & xử lý nước đúng cách, giảm thải ra môi trường
↓
* Chính phủ: ban hành chính sách khuyến khích hợp tác, nâng cao nhận thức cộng đồng, bảo vệ nguồn nước
Kết bài:
Ô nhiễm nước → gây suy giảm sức khỏe, năng suất & ngân sách → làm trầm trọng thêm các vấn đề tự nhiên → giải pháp tối ưu: hợp tác giữa cá nhân – doanh nghiệp – chính phủ.
