Tunnel Designs

Nguồn: Internet

Sample:

The provided diagrams compare two road tunnels in two Australian cities in terms of their construction time, cost, material, and schematic view. 

Overall, the longer and deeper tunnel was built in a much shorter time span, but cost far more, and had more lanes than the shorter and shallower one. 

A close examination of both designs shows significant differences in soil type and structural dimensions. Clearly, the tunnel constructed through sand right underneath a river is 2.2 kilometres long and 1.5 metres deep, showing much steeper slopes than the other one built below a densely populated metropolis. The latter is much shallower, measuring about a third more in both length (3.6 kilometres) and depth (2.5 metres). This one is constructed by excavating through stone and clay. 

Turning to the schematic views, it took 12 years for the one underneath the bridge to be built, spanning from 1986 to 1998, which cost more than half a billion dollars ($555 million). The one built below the city, however, required only a third as long to be completed (3 years from 2002 to 2006) but was about twice as expensive ($1.1 billion). Though both structures have a double-highway design, the more expensive one allows an extra lane for motor vehicles.

(206 words)

Phân tích

Bài này KHÔNG HỀ KHÓ, nhưng nếu chỉ liệt kê thông tin một cách máy móc chắc chắn sẽ không đạt điểm cao. 

Mình sẽ cố gắng so sánh TỐI ĐA giữa 2 thiết kế tunnels này. 

Đây là cái mình nhìn thấy trước khi khi chạm tay vào làm: 

• Thay vì chỉ nêu ra con số, mình sẽ xem cái này lớn hơn cái kia bao nhiêu
• Thay vì chỉ nói bao nhiêu năm mình sẽ xem thằng này gấp thằng kia bao nhiêu lần
• Thay vì chỉ dùng từ “deep” hay “shallow”, mình sẽ dùng COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES: “deeper”, “shallower”.

Từ Overview đã cố gắng SO SÁNH càng nhiều càng tốt: 

Overall, the longer and deeper tunnel was built in a much shorter time span, but cost far more, and had more lanes than the shorter and shallower one. 

Và xuyên suốt bài sẽ đi hàng loạt SO SÁNH. 

A close examination of both designs shows significant differences in soil type and structural dimensions. Clearly, the tunnel constructed through sand right underneath a river is 2.2 kilometres long and 1.5 metres deep, showing much steeper slopes than the other one built below a densely populated metropolis. The latter is much shallower, measuring about a third more in both length (3.6 kilometres) and depth (2.5 metres). This one is constructed by excavating through stone and clay. 

Turning to the schematic views, it took 12 years for the one underneath the bridge to be built, spanning from 1986 to 1998, which cost more than half a billion dollars ($555 million). The one built below the city, however, required only a third as long to be completed (3 years from 2002 to 2006) but was about twice as expensive ($1.1 billion). Though both structures have a double-highway design, the more expensive one allows an extra lane for motor vehicles.

Vocabulary

The provided diagrams compare two road tunnels in two Australian cities in terms of their construction time, cost, material, and schematic view. 

Overall, the longer and deeper tunnel was built in a much shorter time span, but cost far more, and had more lanes than the shorter and shallower one. 

A close examination of both designs shows significant differences in soil type and structural dimensions. Clearly, the tunnel constructed through sand right underneath a river is 2.2 kilometres long and 1.5 metres deep, showing much steeper slopes than the other one built below a densely populated metropolis. The latter is much shallower, measuring about a third more in both length (3.6 kilometres) and depth (2.5 metres). This one is constructed by excavating through stone and clay. 

Turning to the schematic views, it took 12 years for the one underneath the bridge to be built, spanning from 1986 to 1998, which cost more than half a billion dollars ($555 million). The one built below the city, however, required only a third as long to be completed (3 years from 2002 to 2006) but was about twice as expensive ($1.1 billion). Though both structures have a double-highway design, the more expensive one allows an extra lane for motor vehicles.

• Schematic view (Sơ đồ)
• Shallower (Nông hơn)
• Steeper slopes (Độ dốc cao hơn)
• Densely populated metropolis (Vùng đô thị đông dân)
• Excavating (Đào)
• Spanning from…to (Từ…đến…)
• Twice as expensive (Gấp đôi giá tiền)
• Double-highway design (Thiết kế đường cao tốc đôi)
• Allows for (Cho phép)

Extra lane for motor vehicles (Làn xe cơ giới bổ sung)